Back pain occurs by a neurological mechanism, usually of unknown origin, which causes pain, swelling and muscle spasm. The main methods of diagnosis are the history and physical examination, and only rarely are useful tests such as x-ray or blood test, MRI and neuropsychological tests.
There are scientifically evaluated scales to objectively assess pain intensity and degree of disability that causes back pain.
To prevent and treat back pain should maintain the highest level of activity possible and avoid bed rest. Most cases are successfully treated with medication, neuroreflexotherapy or other non-surgical treatments. Surgery is indicated in a small number of instances and only when there are clear signs that guarantee its success.
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